Perceptions, use, and impacts of Prosopis (Prosopis juliflora) alien plant in Taita Taveta County, Kenya

Abstract

This study investigated the perceptions, uses, and impacts of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) in Taveta Sub-County, Kenya. A total of 314 individuals were randomly selected from four wards, ensuring representation across age, gender, wealth, and occupation. Additionally, four focus group discussions were conducted with 78 participants (47 male and 31 female) were held in four locations within the pastoral and agropastoral communities. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires, focusing on community perceptions, impacts, and uses of Prosopis juliflora. The coverage of Prosopis was perceived to have increased by 98% of the respondents, with this high percentage indicating the spread was very fast in both the grazing areas and within homesteads over the last 5-10 years. Regarding the origin of Prosopis juliflora, 63% of the respondents indicated that it was introduced by colonial veterinary workers. The Prosopis plant was perceived by66% of the respondents to have reduced the availability of pastures.  On the eradication of the plant, 79% of the respondents reported difficulty in eradication. The majority of the respondents (75%) indicated that the plant was harmful to both humans and livestock due to the poisonous thorns. Also, the majority of the respondents (54%) indicated that Prosopis juliflora reduces soil fertility. Among the three most common uses of Prosopis were as a source of firewood (64%), charcoal (24%), animal feed (23%), and as shade (13%). Poisonous thorns were cited as the major negative impact by 56% of the respondents. Despite these negative perceptions, the study suggests that Prosopis juliflora can be utilized to enhance livelihoods and food security in the region. Strategies for sustainable management and utilization of this invasive species should be explored to mitigate its negative impacts while maximizing its benefits.